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Blood flow simulation using smooth particle hydrodynamics

Al-Saad, Mohammed 2017. Blood flow simulation using smooth particle hydrodynamics. PhD Thesis, Cardiff University.
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Abstract

Blood flow rheology is a complex phenomenon, and the study of blood flow in the human body system under normal and pathological conditions are considered to be of great importance in biomedical engineering. Consequently, it is important to identify the key parameters that influence the flow behaviour of blood. The characterisation of blood flow will also enable us to understand the flow parameters associated with physiological conditions such as atherosclerosis. Thrombosis plays a crucial role in stopping bleeding when a blood vessel is injured. Developing tools that can successfully study the influences of hemodynamics on thrombus formation in arteries and vessels are considered to be essential. This thesis describes the steps taken to develop computational tools that focus on using the meshless particle-based Lagrangian numerical technique, which is named the smoothed particle hydrodynamic (SPH) method, to study the flow behaviour of blood and to explore flow condition that induces the formation of thrombus in blood vessels. A weakly-compressible SPH method is used here to simulate blood flow inside vessels. The basic governing equations solved in the SPH are the mass and momentum conservation equations. Due its simplicity and effectiveness, the SPH method is employed here to simulate the process of thrombogenesis under the influence of various blood flow parameters. In the present SPH simulation, blood is modelled by particles that have the characteristics of plasma and platelets. To simulate a 3-dimensional coagulation of platelets which form a thrombus, the adhesion and aggregation process of platelets are modelled by an effective inter-particle force model. With these models, platelet motion in the flowing blood and platelet adhesion and aggregation are effectively coupled with viscous blood flow. In this study, the adhesion and aggregation of blood particles are performed inside vessels with various geometries and with different flow velocity scenarios. The capabilities of this strategy were evaluated by comparing the simulation results with existing numerical and experimental results. All of these cases realistically model the formation of thrombus including thrombus collapse and partial separation. This thesis is considered to be the first work that is dedicated to the SPH simulation of thrombus formation inside blood vessels with various geometries and under different flow conditions.

Item Type: Thesis (PhD)
Date Type: Completion
Status: Unpublished
Schools: Engineering
Uncontrolled Keywords: Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics(SPH), Bllod Flow, Thrombus, Arteries, Vessel
Date of First Compliant Deposit: 16 October 2017
Last Modified: 05 May 2021 09:27
URI: https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/105588

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