Alilou, Hossein, Moghaddam Nia, Alireza, Keshtkar, Hamidreza, Han, Dawei and Bray, Michaela ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6850-6572 2018. A cost-effective and efficient framework to determine water qualitymonitoring network locations. Science of the Total Environment 624 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.121 |
Abstract
A crucial part in designing a robustwater qualitymonitoring network is the selection of appropriatewater quality sampling locations. Due to cost and time constraints, it is essential to identify and select these locations in an accurate and efficientmanner. Themain contribution of the present article is the development of a practical methodology for allocating critical sampling points in present and future conditions of the non-point sources under a case study of the Khoywatershed in northwest Iran,where financial resources andwater quality data are limited. To achieve this purpose, the rivermixing lengthmethod (RML)was applied to propose potential sampling points. A new non-point source potential pollution score (NPPS) was then proposed by the analytic network process (ANP) to classify the importance of each sampling point prior to selecting the most appropriate locations for a river system. In addition, an integrated cellular automata–Markov chainmodel (CA–Markov)was applied to simulate future change in non-point sources during the period 2026–2036. Finally, by considering anthropogenic activities through land-usemapping, the hierarchy value, the non-point source potential pollution score values and budget deficiency in the study area, the seven sampling pointswere identified for the present and the future. It is not expected, however, that the present location of the proposed sampling pointswill change in the future due to the forthcoming changes in non-point sources. The current study provides important insights into the design of a reliable water quality monitoring network with a high level of assurance under certain changes in non-point sources. Furthermore, the results of this study should be valuable for water quality monitoring agencies looking for a cost-effective approach for selecting sampling locations.
Item Type: | Article |
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Date Type: | Publication |
Status: | Published |
Schools: | Engineering |
Publisher: | Elsevier |
ISSN: | 0048-9697 |
Date of Acceptance: | 11 December 2017 |
Last Modified: | 23 Oct 2022 13:07 |
URI: | https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/109720 |
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