The influence of sex-linked genetic mechanisms on attention and impulsivity

Trent, Simon ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9563-4281 and Davies, William ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7714-2440 2011. The influence of sex-linked genetic mechanisms on attention and impulsivity. Biological Psychology 89 (1) , pp. 1-13. 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2011.09.011

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Abstract

It is now generally agreed that there are inherent sex differences in healthy individuals across a number of neurobiological domains (including brain structure, neurochemistry, and cognition). Moreover, there is a burgeoning body of evidence highlighting sex differences within neuropsychiatric populations (in terms of the rates of incidence, clinical features/progression, neurobiology and pathology). Here, we consider the extent to which attention and impulsivity are sexually dimorphic in healthy populations and the extent to which sex might modulate the expression of disorders characterised by abnormalities in attention and/or impulsivity such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism and addiction. We then discuss general genetic mechanisms that might underlie sex differences in attention and impulsivity before focussing on specific positional and functional candidate sex-linked genes that are likely to influence these cognitive processes. Identifying novel sex-modulated molecular targets should ultimately enable us to develop more effective therapies in disorders associated with attentional/impulsive dysfunction.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics (CNGG) Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute (NMHRI) Psychology
Uncontrolled Keywords:	sexual dimorphism; neuropsychiatric disorders; attention; impulsivity; attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; sex chromosomes; autism; SRY; MAOA; steroid sulfatase; neurosteroids; turner syndrome; COMT
Publisher:	Elsevier
ISSN:	0301-0511
Last Modified:	28 Sep 2023 12:27
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/13774

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