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Effects of early-life stress, postnatal diet modulation and long-term western-style diet on peripheral and central inflammatory markers

Ruigrok, Silvie R., Abbink, Maralinde R., Geertsema, Jorine, Kuindersma, Jesse E., Stöberl, Nina, van der Beek, Eline M., Lucassen, Paul J., Schipper, Lidewij and Korosi, Aniko 2021. Effects of early-life stress, postnatal diet modulation and long-term western-style diet on peripheral and central inflammatory markers. Nutrients 13 (2) , 288. 10.3390/nu13020288

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Abstract

Early-life stress (ES) exposure increases the risk of developing obesity. Breastfeeding can markedly decrease this risk, and it is thought that the physical properties of the lipid droplets in human milk contribute to this benefit. A concept infant milk formula (IMF) has been developed that mimics these physical properties of human milk (Nuturis®, N-IMF). Previously, we have shown that N-IMF reduces, while ES increases, western-style diet (WSD)-induced fat accumulation in mice. Peripheral and central inflammation are considered to be important for obesity development. We therefore set out to test the effects of ES, Nuturis® and WSD on adipose tissue inflammatory gene expression and microglia in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus. ES was induced in mice by limiting the nesting and bedding material from postnatal day (P) 2 to P9. Mice were fed a standard IMF (S-IMF) or N-IMF from P16 to P42, followed by a standard diet (STD) or WSD until P230. ES modulated adipose tissue inflammatory gene expression early in life, while N-IMF had lasting effects into adulthood. Centrally, ES led to a higher microglia density and more amoeboid microglia at P9. In adulthood, WSD increased the number of amoeboid microglia, and while ES exposure increased microglia coverage, Nuturis® reduced the numbers of amoeboid microglia upon the WSD challenge. These results highlight the impact of the early environment on central and peripheral inflammatory profiles, which may be key in the vulnerability to develop metabolic derangements later in life.

Item Type: Article
Date Type: Publication
Status: Published
Schools: Biosciences
Additional Information: This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/)
Publisher: MDPI
ISSN: 2072-6643
Date of First Compliant Deposit: 29 March 2021
Date of Acceptance: 17 January 2021
Last Modified: 05 May 2023 20:13
URI: https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/140149

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