Inhibition of human cytomegalovirus replication by interferon alpha can involve multiple anti-viral factors

Chowdhury, Shabab, Latham, Katie A., Tran, Andy C., Carroll, Christopher J., Stanton, Richard J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6799-1182, Weekes, Michael P., Neil, Stuart J. D., Swanson, Chad M. and Strang, Blair L. 2023. Inhibition of human cytomegalovirus replication by interferon alpha can involve multiple anti-viral factors. Journal of General Virology 104 (12) , 001929. 10.1099/jgv.0.001929

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Abstract

The shortcomings of current direct-acting anti-viral therapy against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) has led to interest in host-directed therapy. Here we re-examine the use of interferon proteins to inhibit HCMV replication utilizing both high and low passage strains of HCMV. Pre-treatment of cells with interferon alpha (IFNα) was required for robust and prolonged inhibition of both low and high passage HCMV strains, with no obvious toxicity, and was associated with an increased anti-viral state in HCMV-infected cells. Pre-treatment of cells with IFNα led to poor expression of HCMV immediate-early proteins from both high and low passage strains, which was associated with the presence of the anti-viral factor SUMO-PML. Inhibition of HCMV replication in the presence of IFNα involving ZAP proteins was HCMV strain-dependent, wherein a high passage HCMV strain was obviously restricted by ZAP and a low passage strain was not. This suggested that strain-specific combinations of anti-viral factors were involved in inhibition of HCMV replication in the presence of IFNα. Overall, this work further supports the development of strategies involving IFNα that may be useful to inhibit HCMV replication and highlights the complexity of the anti-viral response to HCMV in the presence of IFNα.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Medicine Systems Immunity Research Institute (SIURI)
Publisher:	Microbiology Society
ISSN:	0022-1317
Funders:	MRC
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	11 December 2023
Date of Acceptance:	21 November 2023
Last Modified:	11 Dec 2023 11:47
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/164636

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