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Gammaproteobacteria as a possible source of Eicosapentaenoic Acid in anoxic intertidal sediments

Freese, Elke, Rütters, Heike, Köster, Jürgen, Rullkötter, Jürgen and Sass, Henrik ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8740-4224 2009. Gammaproteobacteria as a possible source of Eicosapentaenoic Acid in anoxic intertidal sediments. Microbial Ecology 57 (3) , pp. 444-454. 10.1007/s00248-008-9443-2

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Abstract

Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; n-20:5ω3) was found to be a constituent of phospholipids in three mesophilic strains of Gammaproteobacteria, which were isolated from anoxic most probable number series prepared with sediments from an intertidal flat of the German North Sea coast. Their partial 16S rRNA gene sequences identified the isolates as close relatives of Shewanella colwelliana, Vibrio splendidus, and Photobacterium lipolyticum. So far, eicosapentaenoic acid has mainly been reported to occur in eukaryotes and some piezophilic or psychrophilic bacteria. With decreasing temperature, relative contents of EPA (up to 14% of total fatty acids) increased in all strains. Additionally, Shewanella and Vibrio spp. showed a significant increase in monounsaturated fatty acids with lower growth temperature. Analysis of the phospholipid compositions revealed that EPA was present in all three major phospholipid types, namely, phosphatidyl glycerol (PG), cardiolipin and phosphatidyl ethanolamine (PE). However, EPA was enriched in PG and cardiolipin relative to PE. In the tidal flat sediments from which the isolates were obtained, substantial amounts of EPA-containing PG were detected, whereas other typical microeukaryotic phospholipids—being also a possible source of EPA—were abundant at the sediment surface but were present in clearly lower amounts in the anoxic layers beneath 5 cm depth. Therefore, the EPA-containing PG species in the deeper layers in these sediments may indicate the presence of Gammaproteobacteria closely related to the isolates. These bacteria appear to be an important source of EPA in buried, anoxic sediments beneath the layers harboring significant populations of benthic eukaryotes.

Item Type: Article
Date Type: Publication
Status: Published
Schools: Earth and Environmental Sciences
Subjects: Q Science > Q Science (General)
Q Science > QR Microbiology
Publisher: Springer
ISSN: 0095-3628
Last Modified: 17 Oct 2022 09:51
URI: https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/5941

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