The multifactorial interplay of diet, the microbiome and appetite control: current knowledge and future challenges

Corfe, Bernard M., Harden, Charlotte J., Bull, Matthew J. and Garaiova, Iveta 2015. The multifactorial interplay of diet, the microbiome and appetite control: current knowledge and future challenges. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 74 (3) , pp. 235-244. 10.1017/S0029665114001670

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Abstract

The recent availability of high-throughput nucleic acid sequencing technologies has rapidly advanced approaches to analysing the role of the gut microbiome in governance of human health, including gut health, and also metabolic, cardiovascular and mental health, inter alia. Recent scientific studies suggest that energy intake (EI) perturbations at the population level cannot account for the current obesity epidemic, and significant work is investigating the potential role of the microbiome, and in particular its metabolic products, notably SCFA, predominantly acetate, propionate and butyrate, the last of which is an energy source for the epithelium of the large intestine. The energy yield from dietary residues may be a significant factor influencing energy balance. This review posits that the contribution towards EI is governed by EI diet composition (not just fibre), the composition of the microbiome and by the levels of physical activity. Furthermore, we hypothesise that these factors do not exist in a steady state, but rather are dynamic, with both short- and medium-term effects on appetite regulation. We suggest that the existing modelling strategies for bacterial dynamics, specifically for growth in chemostat culture, are of utility in understanding the dynamic interplay of diet, activity and microbiomic organisation. Such approaches may be informative in optimising the application of dietary and microbial therapy to promote health.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Biosciences
Publisher:	Cambridge University Press
ISSN:	0029-6651
Last Modified:	31 Jan 2020 03:36
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/75688

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