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A randomized comparison of daunorubicin 90 mg/m2 vs 60 mg/m2 in AML induction: results from the UK NCRI AML17 trial in 1206 patients

Burnett, A. K., Russell, N. H., Hills, Robert Kerrin ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0166-0062, Kell, J., Cavenagh, J., Kjeldsen, L., McMullin, M.-F., Cahalin, P., Dennis, M., Friis, L., Thomas, Ian, Milligan, D. and Clark, R. E. 2015. A randomized comparison of daunorubicin 90 mg/m2 vs 60 mg/m2 in AML induction: results from the UK NCRI AML17 trial in 1206 patients. Blood 125 (25) , pp. 3878-3885. 10.1182/blood-2015-01-623447

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Abstract

Modifying induction therapy in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) may improve the remission rate and reduce the risk of relapse, thereby improving survival. Escalation of the daunorubicin dose to 90 mg/m2 has shown benefit for some patient subgroups when compared with a dose of 45 mg/m2, and has been recommended as a standard of care. However, 60 mg/m2 is widely used and has never been directly compared with 90 mg/m2. As part of the UK National Cancer Research Institute (NCRI) AML17 trial, 1206 adults with untreated AML or high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome, mostly younger than 60 years of age, were randomized to a first-induction course of chemotherapy, which delivered either 90 mg/m2 or 60 mg/m2 on days 1, 3, and 5 combined with cytosine arabinoside. All patients then received a second course that included daunorubicin 50 mg/m2 on days 1, 3, and 5. There was no overall difference in complete remission rate (73% vs 75%; odds ratio, 1.07 [0.83-1.39]; P = .6) or in any recognized subgroup. The 60-day mortality was increased in the 90 mg/m2 arm (10% vs 5% (hazard ratio [HR] 1.98 [1.30-3.02]; P = .001), which resulted in no difference in overall 2-year survival (59% vs 60%; HR, 1.16 [0.95-1.43]; P = .15). In an exploratory subgroup analysis, there was no subgroup that showed significant benefit, although there was a significant interaction by FLT3 ITD mutation. This trial is registered at http://www.isrctn.com as #ISRCTN55675535.

Item Type: Article
Date Type: Publication
Status: Published
Schools: Medicine
Subjects: R Medicine > R Medicine (General)
Publisher: American Society of Hematology
ISSN: 0006-4971
Date of Acceptance: 19 March 2015
Last Modified: 31 Oct 2022 10:21
URI: https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/84524

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