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Cardiometabolic and neuroimaging correlates of cognitive function in polycystic ovary syndrome

Udiawar, Maneesh 2017. Cardiometabolic and neuroimaging correlates of cognitive function in polycystic ovary syndrome. MD Thesis, Cardiff University.
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Abstract

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a disorder characterized by insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism, which leads to an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in later life. Androgens and insulin signalling affect brain function but little is known about brain structure and function in younger adults with PCOS. Aims and Methods: To establish whether young women with PCOS display altered white matter microstructure and cognitive function. Eighteen individuals with PCOS (age, 31 ± 6 y; body mass index [BMI] 30 ± 6 kg/m2) and 18 control subjects (age, 31 ± 7 y; BMI, 29 ± 6 kg/m2), matched for age, IQ, and BMI, underwent anthropometric and metabolic evaluation, diffusion tensor MRI, a technique especially sensitive to brain white matter structure, and cognitive assessment. Cognitive scores and white matter diffusion metrics were compared between groups. White matter microstructure was evaluated across the whole white matter skeleton using tract-based spatial statistics. Associations with metabolic indices were also evaluated. Results: PCOS was associated with a widespread reduction in axial diffusivity (diffusion along the main axis of white matter fibres) and increased tissue volume fraction (the proportion of volume filled by white or grey matter rather than cerebrospinal fluid) in the corpus callosum. Cognitive performance was reduced compared with controls (first principal component, t = 2.9, P = .007), reflecting subtle decrements across a broad range of cognitive tests, despite similar education and premorbid intelligence. In PCOS, there was a reversal of the relationship seen in controls between brain microstructure and both androgens and insulin resistance.

Item Type: Thesis (MD)
Date Type: Completion
Status: Unpublished
Schools: Medicine
Date of First Compliant Deposit: 31 July 2017
Last Modified: 20 Apr 2021 13:48
URI: https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/103000

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