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Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes promote survival of retinal ganglion cells through miRNA-dependent mechanisms

Mead, Ben ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5855-0097 and Tomarev, Stanislav 2017. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes promote survival of retinal ganglion cells through miRNA-dependent mechanisms. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 6 (4) , pp. 1273-1285. 10.1002/sctm.16-0428

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Abstract

The loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGC) and their axons is one of the leading causes of blindness and includes traumatic (optic neuropathy) and degenerative (glaucoma) eye diseases. Although no clinical therapies are in use, mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have demonstrated significant neuroprotective and axogenic effects on RGC in both of the aforementioned models. Recent evidence has shown that MSC secrete exosomes, membrane enclosed vesicles (30–100 nm) containing proteins, mRNA and miRNA which can be delivered to nearby cells. The present study aimed to isolate exosomes from bone marrow‐derived MSC (BMSC) and test them in a rat optic nerve crush (ONC) model. Treatment of primary retinal cultures with BMSC‐exosomes demonstrated significant neuroprotective and neuritogenic effects. Twenty‐one days after ONC and weekly intravitreal exosome injections; optical coherence tomography, electroretinography, and immunohistochemistry was performed. BMSC‐derived exosomes promoted statistically significant survival of RGC and regeneration of their axons while partially preventing RGC axonal loss and RGC dysfunction. Exosomes successfully delivered their cargo into inner retinal layers and the effects were reliant on miRNA, demonstrated by the diminished therapeutic effects of exosomes derived from BMSC after knockdown of Argonaute‐2, a key miRNA effector molecule. This study supports the use of BMSC‐derived exosomes as a cell‐free therapy for traumatic and degenerative ocular disease.

Item Type: Article
Date Type: Publication
Status: Published
Schools: Optometry and Vision Sciences
Additional Information: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License
Publisher: AlphaMed Press
ISSN: 2157-6564
Date of First Compliant Deposit: 15 November 2019
Date of Acceptance: 29 November 2016
Last Modified: 04 May 2023 13:53
URI: https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/126601

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