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Inclusion of chemotherapy in addition to anthracycline in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukaemia does not improve outcomes: results of the MRC AML15 trial

Burnett, Alan Kenneth, Hills, Robert Kerrin ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0166-0062, Grimwade, D., Jovanovic, J. V., Craig, J., McMullin, M. F., Kell, J., Wheatley, K., Yin, J. A. L., Hunter, A., Milligan, D and Russell, N. H. 2013. Inclusion of chemotherapy in addition to anthracycline in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukaemia does not improve outcomes: results of the MRC AML15 trial. Leukemia 27 (4) , pp. 843-851. 10.1038/leu.2012.360

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Abstract

Two hundred eighty-five patients, median age 42, with PML-RARα-positive acute promyelocytic leukaemia were randomised to Ara-C-containing ‘Medical Research Council (MRC) Chemotherapy’+ATRA (All-trans-retinoic acid) or anthracycline+ATRA (modified ‘Spanish’) therapy. MRC treatment comprised four courses with ATRA in courses 1–2. Spanish treatment comprised four anthracycline-based courses with ATRA in courses 1–3. In course 3 patients were randomised to gemtuzumab ozogamicin (GO) or not. The Spanish arm received 24-month maintenance. Patients were sequentially molecularly monitored. Quality of life was assessed at baseline, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24 months. Remission rates were similar in both arms (93%): cumulative incidence of haematological relapse (CIHR) was 6% at 5 years; 5 patients relapsed molecularly. Survival post relapse was 80%. There were more deaths in remission in the MRC arm (4% vs 10%: P=0.2). The overall 5-year relapse-free and overall survival was similar between arms (81% vs 82% and 84% vs 83%, respectively). More supportive care and hospitalisation (81.8 vs 63 days, P<0.0001) was required in the MRC arm. GO did not provide benefit. High white blood cell count (>10 × 109/l) was not prognostic overall, or within treatment arms. Both approaches deliver similar results with minor differences in quality of life. MRC treatment required more hospitalisation. This suggests that additional chemotherapy, Ara-C in particular, is not required.

Item Type: Article
Date Type: Publication
Status: Published
Schools: Medicine
Subjects: R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC0254 Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology (including Cancer)
Publisher: Nature Publishing Group
ISSN: 0887-6924
Last Modified: 24 Oct 2022 11:56
URI: https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/49808

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