Apc and p53 interaction in DNA damage and genomic instability in hepatocytes

Meniel, Valerie, Megges, M., Young, Madeleine, Cole, A., Sansom, O. J. and Clarke, Alan Richard ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4281-426X 2015. Apc and p53 interaction in DNA damage and genomic instability in hepatocytes. Oncogene 34 , pp. 4118-4129. 10.1038/onc.2014.342

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Abstract

Disruption of Apc (adenomatous polyposis coli) within hepatocytes activates Wnt signalling, perturbs differentiation and ultimately leads to neoplasia. Apc negatively regulates Wnt signalling but is also involved in organizing the cytoskeleton and may have a role in chromosome segregation. In vitro studies have implicated Apc in the control of genomic stability. However, the relevance of this data has been questioned in vivo as Apc is lost earlier than the onset of genomic instability. Here we analyse the relationship between immediate loss of Apc and the acquisition of genomic instability in hepatocytes. We used Cre-lox technology to inactivate Apc and in combination with p53 in vivo, to define the consequences of gene loss on cell cycle regulation, proliferation, death and aneuploidy. We show that, although Apc loss leads to increased proliferation, it also leads to increased apoptosis, the accumulation of p53, p21 and markers of double-strand breaks and DNA repair. Flow cytometry revealed an increased 4N DNA content, consistent with a G2 arrest. Levels of anaphase bridges were also elevated, implicating failed chromosome segregation. This was accompanied by an increase in centrosome number, which demonstrates a role for Apc in maintaining euploidy. To address the role of p53 in these processes, we analysed combined loss of Apc and p53, which led to a further increase in proliferation, cell death, DNA damages and repair and a bypass of G2 arrest than was observed with Apc loss. However, we observed only a marginal effect on anaphase bridges and centrosome number, which could be due to increased cell death. Our data therefore establishes, in an in vivo setting, that APC loss leads to a DNA damage signature and genomic instability in the liver and that additional loss of p53 leads to an increase in the DNA damage signal but not to an immediate increase in the genomic instability phenotype.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Biosciences European Cancer Stem Cell Research Institute (ECSCRI)
Subjects:	Q Science > QH Natural history > QH301 Biology Q Science > QH Natural history > QH426 Genetics
Publisher:	Nature Publishing
ISSN:	0950-9232
Last Modified:	27 Oct 2022 10:07
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/68979

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