Opportunity for verbalization does not improve visual change detection performance: a state-trace analysis

Sense, Florian, Morey, Candice C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7644-5239, Prince, Melissa, Heathcote, Andrew and Morey, Richard D. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9220-3179 2017. Opportunity for verbalization does not improve visual change detection performance: a state-trace analysis. Behavior Research Methods 49 (3) , pp. 853-862. 10.3758/s13428-016-0741-1

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Abstract

Evidence suggests that there is a tendency to verbally recode visually-presented information, and that in some cases verbal recoding can boost memory performance. According to multi-component models of working memory, memory performance is increased because task-relevant information is simultaneously maintained in two codes. The possibility of dual encoding is problematic if the goal is to measure capacity for visual information exclusively. To counteract this possibility, articulatory suppression is frequently used with visual change detection tasks specifically to prevent verbalization of visual stimuli. But is this precaution always necessary? There is little reason to believe that concurrent articulation affects performance in typical visual change detection tasks, suggesting that verbal recoding might not be likely to occur in this paradigm, and if not, precautionary articulatory suppression would not always be necessary. We present evidence confirming that articulatory suppression has no discernible effect on performance in a typical visual change-detection task in which abstract patterns are briefly presented. A comprehensive analysis using both descriptive statistics and Bayesian state-trace analysis revealed no evidence for any complex relationship between articulatory suppression and performance that would be consistent with a verbal recoding explanation. Instead, the evidence favors the simpler explanation that verbal strategies were either not deployed in the task or, if they were, were not effective in improving performance, and thus have no influence on visual working memory as measured during visual change detection. We conclude that in visual change detection experiments in which abstract visual stimuli are briefly presented, pre-cautionary articulatory suppression is unnecessary.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Psychology
Subjects:	B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Articulatory suppression Change detection State-trace Working memory capacity Verbalization
Additional Information:	Pdf uploaded in accordance with publisher's policy at http://www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo/issn/1554-351X/ (accessed 21/06/2016)
Publisher:	Psychonomic Society
ISSN:	1554-351X
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	21 April 2016
Date of Acceptance:	20 April 2016
Last Modified:	10 Nov 2023 09:55
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/89446

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