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Heteronuclear Ir(III)–Ln(III) luminescent complexes: small-molecule probes for dual modal imaging and oxygen sensing

Jana, Atanu, Crowston, Bethany J., Shewring, Jonathan R., McKenzie, Luke K., Bryant, Helen E., Botchway, Stanley W., Ward, Andrew D., Amoroso, Angelo J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7601-5482, Baggaley, Elizabeth and Ward, Michael D. 2016. Heteronuclear Ir(III)–Ln(III) luminescent complexes: small-molecule probes for dual modal imaging and oxygen sensing. Inorganic Chemistry 55 (11) , pp. 5623-5633. 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b00702

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Abstract

Luminescent, mixed metal d–f complexes have the potential to be used for dual (magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and luminescence) in vivo imaging. Here, we present dinuclear and trinuclear d–f complexes, comprising a rigid framework linking a luminescent Ir center to one (Ir·Ln) or two (Ir·Ln2) lanthanide metal centers (where Ln = Eu(III) and Gd(III), respectively). A range of physical, spectroscopic, and imaging-based properties including relaxivity arising from the Gd(III) units and the occurrence of Ir(III) → Eu(III) photoinduced energy-transfer are presented. The rigidity imposed by the ligand facilitates high relaxivities for the Gd(III) complexes, while the luminescence from the Ir(III) and Eu(III) centers provide luminescence imaging capabilities. Dinuclear (Ir·Ln) complexes performed best in cellular studies, exhibiting good solubility in aqueous solutions, low toxicity after 4 and 18 h, respectively, and punctate lysosomal staining. We also demonstrate the first example of oxygen sensing in fixed cells using the dyad Ir·Gd, via two-photon phosphorescence lifetime imaging (PLIM).

Item Type: Article
Date Type: Publication
Status: Published
Schools: Chemistry
Subjects: Q Science > QD Chemistry
Publisher: American Chemical Society
ISSN: 0020-1669
Funders: European Commission Marie Curie Fellowship
Date of First Compliant Deposit: 26 May 2016
Date of Acceptance: 24 May 2016
Last Modified: 14 Nov 2023 17:09
URI: https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/91260

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