Browse by Current Cardiff authors

Davies, Rhys, Munday, Maxim and Roche, Neil 2017. The experiences of participants in ESF funded training programmes. Welsh Economic Review 25 , pp. 18-27. 10.18573/j.2017.10195

Morgan, Kevin John, Munday, Maxim C. R. and Roberts, Annette 2017. Local economic development opportunities from NHS spending: evidence from Wales. Urban Studies 54 (13) , pp. 3138-3156. 10.1177/0042098016658248

Roberts, Annette, Munday, Maxim C. R., Roche, Neil, Brown, Adam, Armstrong, Mike, Hargreaves, Jodie, Pilgrim-Morrison, Sarah, Williamson, Kevin and Hyder, Kieran 2017. Assessing the contribution of recreational sea angling to the English economy. Marine Policy 83 , pp. 146-152. 10.1016/j.marpol.2017.05.028 Item availability restricted.

Small, Natalie, Munday, Maxim and Durance, Isabelle 2017. The challenge of valuing ecosystem services that have no material benefits. Global Environmental Change 44 , pp. 57-67. 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2017.03.005

Bere, Jemma, Jones, Calvin, Jones, Stuart and Munday, Maxim C. R. 2017. Energy and development in the periphery: a regional perspective on small hydropower projects. Environment and Planning C 35 (2) , pp. 355-375. 10.1177/0263774X16662029

McNabb, Robert and Munday, Maxim C. R. 2017. The stability of the foreign manufacturing sector: evidence and analysis for Wales 1966-2003. European Urban and Regional Studies 24 (1) , pp. 50-68. 10.1177/0969776415593615

Bryan, Jane, Evans, Neil, Jones, Calvin and Munday, Maxim C. . 2017. Regional electricity generation and employment in UK regions. Regional Studies 51 (3) , pp. 414-425. 10.1080/00343404.2015.1101516

Crawley, Andrew and Munday, Maxim C. R. 2017. Priority sectors in city regions? Some issues from a study of the Cardiff Capital Region. Local Economy Item availability restricted.

Beynon, Malcolm James, Crawley, Andrew and Munday, Maxim C. R. 2016. Measuring and understanding the differences between urban and rural areas. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 43 (6) , pp. 1136-1154. 10.1177/0265813515605096

Roberts, Annette, Roche, Neil, Jones, Calvin and Munday, Maxim C. R. 2016. What is the value of a Premier League football club to a regional economy? European Sport Management Quarterly 16 (5) , pp. 575-591. 10.1080/16184742.2016.1188840

Court, Christa D., Munday, Maxim C.R., Roberts, Annette and Turner, Karen 2015. Can hazardous waste supply chain 'hotspots' be identified using an input-output framework? European Journal of Operational Research 241 (1) , pp. 177-187. 10.1016/j.ejor.2014.08.011

Jones, Calvin and Munday, Maxim C. R. 2014. The regional employment returns from wave and tidal energy: A Welsh analysis. Energy 76 , pp. 958-966. 10.1016/j.energy.2014.09.012

Crawley, Andrew, Beynon, Malcolm James and Munday, Maxim C. R. 2013. Making Location Quotients more relevant as a policy aid in regional spatial analysis. Urban Studies 50 (9) , pp. 1854-1869. 10.1177/0042098012466601

Munday, Maxim C. R., Turner, Karen and Jones, Calvin 2013. Accounting for the carbon associated with regional tourism consumption. Tourism Management 36 , pp. 35-44. 10.1016/j.tourman.2012.11.005

Groves, Christopher Robert, Munday, Maxim C. R. and Yakovleva, Natalia 2013. Fighting the pipe: neoliberal governance and barriers to effective community participation in energy infrastructure planning. Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 31 (2) , pp. 340-356. 10.1068/c11331r

Jensen, Christa D., Mcintyre, Stuart, Munday, Maxim C. R. and Turner, Karen 2013. Responsibility for regional waste generation: A single-region extended input-output analysis for Wales. Regional Studies 47 (6) , pp. 913-933. 10.1080/00343404.2011.599797

Bristow, Gillian Irene, Cowell, Richard John Westley and Munday, Maxim C. R. 2012. Windfalls for whom? The evolving notion of 'community' in community benefit provisions from wind farms. Geoforum 43 (6) , pp. 1108-1120. 10.1016/j.geoforum.2012.06.015

Collins, Andrea Jayne, Munday, Maxim C. R. and Roberts, Annette 2012. Environmental Consequences of Tourism Consumption at Major Events: An Analysis of the UK Stages of the 2007 Tour de France. Journal of Travel Research 51 (5) , pp. 577-590. 10.1177/0047287511434113

Collins, Andrea Jayne, Munday, Maxim C. R. and Roberts, Annette 2012. Environmental consequences of tourism consumption at major events: An analysis of the UK stages of the 2007 Tour de France. Journal of Travel Research 51 (5) , pp. 577-590. 10.1177/0047287511434113

Bryan, Jane, Munday, Maxim C. R. and Bevins, Richard Eric 2012. Developing a framework for assessing the socioeconomic impacts of museums: the regional value of the 'flexible museum'. Urban Studies 49 (1) , pp. 133-151. 10.1177/0042098010396242

Morgan, Kevin John, Munday, Maxim C. R. and Roberts, Annette 2012. Project report: The economic impact of NHS procurement: A study of the Aneurin Bevan Health Board. Welsh Economic Review 23 (Spring) , pp. 33-34. 10.18573/j.2012.10439

Collins, Andrea Jayne, Roberts, Annette and Munday, Maxim C. R. 2012. The environmental impacts of major cycling events: reflections on the UK stages of the Tour de France. [Project Report]. Cardiff: Centre for Business Relationships, Accountability, Sustainability and Society (BRASS), Cardiff University. Available at: http://www.cardiff.ac.uk/cplan/sites/default/files...

Cowell, Richard John Westley, Bristow, Gillian Irene and Munday, Maxim C. R. 2012. Wind Energy: might community benefit provisions grow community ownership of renewable energy resources? Regions Magazine 287 (1) , pp. 12-14. 10.1080/13673882.2012.10554274

Munday, Maxim C. R. and Beynon, Malcolm James 2011. Input-Output Analysis: Foundations and Extensions, by Ronald E. Miller and Peter D. Blair [Book Review]. Journal of Regional Science 51 (1) , pp. 196-197. 10.1111/j.1467-9787.2010.00711_2.x

Munday, Maxim C. R., Bristow, Gillian Irene and Cowell, Richard John Westley 2011. Wind farms in rural areas: How far do community benefits from wind farms represent a local economic development opportunity? Journal of Rural Studies 27 (1) , pp. 1-12. 10.1016/j.jrurstud.2010.08.003

Cowell, Richard John Westley, Bristow, Gillian Irene and Munday, Maxim C. R. 2011. Acceptance, acceptability and environmental justice: the role of community benefits in wind energy development. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management 54 (4) , pp. 539-557. 10.1080/09640568.2010.521047

Jones, Calvin and Munday, Maxim C. R. 2011. How far can we connect environmental improvement projects to new tourism activity? Evidence from the Environment for Growth project in Wales. Presented at: 1st Nordic Winter Conference of NS-RSA Regions: Sustainability,Growth & Policy, Hemavan, Sweden, 30 March - 1 April 2011.

Turner, Karen, Munday, Maxim C. R., McIntyre, Stuart and Jensen, Christa D. 2011. Incorporating jurisdiction issues into regional carbon accounts under production and consumption accounting principles. Environment and Planning A 43 (3) , pp. 722-741. 10.1068/a43234

Jensen, C. and Munday, Maxim C. R. 2010. Attribution and Jurisdiction: Can environmental input-output analysis be used to explore regional responsibilities for carbon dioxideemissions? Presented at: RSA Winter Conference, London,

Jones, Calvin and Munday, Maxim C.R. 2010. Tourism satellite accounts for regions? A review of development issues and an alternative. Economic Systems Research 22 (4) , pp. 341-358. 10.1080/09535314.2010.526594

Groves, Christopher Robert and Munday, Maxim C. R. 2010. Risk, uncertainty and obstacles to community representation: the case of the South Wales Gas Pipeline. Presented at: CSR and Stakeholder Engagement in the Extractive Sector, London,

Collins, Andrea Jayne, Jones, Calvin and Munday, Maxim C. R. 2009. Assessing the environmental impacts of mega sporting events: Two options? Tourism Management 30 (6) , pp. 828-837. 10.1016/j.tourman.2008.12.006

Beynon, Malcolm James, Jones, Calvin and Munday, Maxim C. R. 2009. The embeddedness of tourism-related activity: a regional analysis of sectoral linkages. Urban Studies 46 (10) , pp. 2123-1241. 10.1177/0042098009339428

Munday, Maxim C. R. and Williams, Gareth 2009. Comparing gross and net employment outcomes from structural fund programmes: Issues from the mid-term evaluations of the Objective 1 Programme in West Wales and the Valleys. Evaluation 15 (2) , pp. 225-246. 10.1177/1356389008101970

Jones, Calvin, Munday, Maxim C. R. and Roberts, Annette 2009. Top down or bottom up? Issues in the development of sub-national tourism satellite accounts. Current Issues in Tourism 12 (4) , pp. 301-313. 10.1080/13683500802346177

Beynon, Malcolm James and Munday, Maxim C. R. 2008. Considering the effects of imprecision and uncertainty in ecological footprint estimation: an approach in a fuzzy environment. Ecological Economics 67 (3) , pp. 373-383. 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2008.07.005

Beynon, Malcolm James and Munday, Maxim C. R. 2008. Stochastic key sector analysis: an application to a regional input-output framework. Annals of Regional Science 42 (4) , pp. 863-877. 10.1007/s00168-007-0172-0

Jones, Calvin and Munday, Maxim C. R. 2007. Exploring the Environmental Consequences of Tourism: A Satellite Account Approach. Journal of Travel Research 46 (2) , pp. 164-172. 10.1177/0047287507299592

Edwards, Timothy James, Delbridge, Rick and Munday, Maxim C. R. 2007. A critical assessment of the evaluation of EU Interventions for Innovation in the SME sector in Wales. Urban Studies 44 (12) , pp. 2429-2448. 10.1080/00420980701540960

Jones, Calvin, Munday, Maxim C. R. and Roche, Neil 2007. Can regional sports stadia ever be economically significant? Presented at: 54th Annual North American Meetings of the Regional Science Association International, 2007, Savannah, GA, USA, 7-11 November 2007.

Jones, Calvin, Munday, Maxim C. R. and Roche, Neil 2007. Can regional sports stadia ever be economically significant? Evidence from the Cardiff Millennium Stadium. Presented at: Regional Science Association International: British & Irish Section 37th Annual Conference, Bangor, NI, UK, 15–17 August 2007.

Bryan, Jane, Munday, Maxim C. R. and Roche, Neil 2007. The Welsh economy: A statistical profile. Contemporary Wales 19 (1) , pp. 248-275.

Collins, Andrea Jayne, Flynn, Andrew, Munday, Maxim C. R. and Roberts, Annette 2007. Assessing the Environmental Consequences of Major Sporting Events: The 2003-04 FA Cup Final. Urban Studies 44 (3) , pp. 457-476. 10.1080/00420980601131878

Munday, Maxim C. R. and Williams, Gareth 2007. Comparing gross and net employment outcomes from structural funds programmes: Some issues from the mid-term evaluations of the objective I programme in West Wales and the Valleys. Presented at: Western Regional Science Association 46th Annual Meeting, Newport Beach, CA, USA, 21-24 February 2007.

Beynon, Malcolm James and Munday, Maxim C. R. 2007. An Aggregated Regional Economic Input-Output Analysis within a Fuzzy Environment. Spatial Economic Analysis 2 (3) , pp. 281-296. 10.1080/17421770701549787

Bryan, Jane, Jones, Calvin, Munday, Maxim C. R. and Roche, Neil 2007. A review of the regional tourism partnerships. Cardiff: Welsh Assembly Government.

Munday, Maxim C. R. 2007. Economic benefits: Welsh Forestry Commission Wind Farm tenders. London: Hyder Consulting.

Bristow, Gillian Irene, Bryan, Jane, Munday, Maxim C. R. and Roche, Neil 2007. Review of the PBI Energise programme. [Working Paper]. n/a.

Jones, Calvin, Munday, Maxim C. R., Sartorio, Francesca and Bristow, Gillian Irene 2007. Road user pricing: economic appraisal. Cardiff: Cardiff City Council.

Higgins, N., Jones, Calvin and Munday, Maxim C. R. 2007. COCO-2 Contract Report V1- Modelling the economic cost of an accident. [Project Report]. Health Protection Agency Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards.

Munday, Maxim C. R., Roche, Neil, Christie, M. and Midmore, P. 2007. An index of sustainable economic welfare for Wales 1990-2005. [Project Report]. Countryside Council For Wales.

Munday, Maxim C. R. and Rhisiart, Martin 2007. MSQA, scenario analysis and forecasting. [Working Paper]. Cardiff, UK: Care Council for Wales.

Cowell, Richard John Westley, Bristow, Gillian Irene, Munday, Maxim C. R. and Strachan, Peter 2007. Wind farm development in Wales: assessing the community benefits. [Project Report]. Cardiff: Welsh Assembly Government.

Munday, Maxim C. R. 2007. Job shake-out. Agenda:the journal of the Institute of Welsh Affairs Winter , pp. 41-43.

Bryan, Jane, Jones, Calvin, Munday, Maxim C. R. and Roche, Neil 2007. Review of the Regional Tourism Partnerships (RTPs). Cardiff Business School.

Jones, Calvin and Munday, Maxim C.R. 2007. The impact of heritage tourism on the environment. Presented at: Heritage and Environment Conference, Isle of Skye, UK, 20-22 June 2007.

Beynon, Malcolm James and Munday, Maxim C. R. 2006. The elucidation of multipliers and their moments in fuzzy closed Leontief input-output systems. Fuzzy Sets and Systems 157 (18) , pp. 2482-2494. 10.1016/j.fss.2006.02.005

Roberts, Annette and Munday, Maxim C. R. 2006. Developing approaches to measuring and monitoring sustainable development in Wales: A review. Regional Studies 40 (5) , pp. 535-544. 10.1080/00343400600757726

Beynon, Malcolm James, Munday, Maxim C. R. and Roberts, Annette 2006. Using DS/AHP to rank of sectors on their potential to strengthen regional economic development. Presented at: MCDM 2006, Chania, Greece, 19-23 June 2006.

Bryan, Jane, Jones, Calvin, Munday, Maxim C.R. and Roberts, Annette 2006. One NorthEast: identifying and assessing sector strengths using multi-sectoral qualitative analysis. [Project Report]. One NorthEast. Available at: http://www.nerip.com/reports_briefing.aspx?id=208

Midmore, Peter, Munday, Maxim C. R. and Roberts, Annette 2006. Assessing industry linkages using regional input-output tables. Regional Studies 40 (3) , pp. 329-343. 10.1080/00343400600631673

Bryan, Jane, Munday, Maxim C. R., Pickernell, David and Roberts, Annette 2006. Assessing the economic significance of port activity: evidence from ABP Operations in industrial South Wales. Maritime Policy & Management 33 (4) , pp. 371-386. 10.1080/03088830600895600

Beynon, Malcolm James, Munday, Maxim C. R. and Roberts, Annette 2006. Welsh economic development: the differences and similarities of DS/AHP and SMART analyses. Presented at: OR 48: annual conference of the Operational Research Society, Bath, UK, 11–13 September 2006.

Peattie, Kenneth John, Hines, Frances, Jenkins, Heledd Mair, Munday, Maxim C. R., Thankappan, Samarthia, Williams, A. and Wells, Peter Erskine 2006. Critical review of evidence for environmental impacts of UK households: sustainable consumption and production. [Project Report]. London: DEFRA.

Edwards, Timothy James, Delbridge, Rick and Munday, Maxim C. R. 2005. Understanding innovation in small and medium-sized enterprises: a process manifest. Technovation 25 (10) , pp. 1119-1127. 10.1016/j.technovation.2004.04.005

Bryan, Jane, Jones, Calvin and Munday, Maxim C. R. 2005. Investigating the potential key sectors using multisectoral qualitative analysis : a Welsh case study. Environment and planning. C. Government and policy 23 (5) , pp. 633-656. 10.1068/c0438

Bristow, Gillian Irene, Roberts, Annette, Martin, Stephen James and Munday, Maxim C. R. 2005. Mid-term review of the Objective 1 programme for West Wales and the Valleys. [Project Report]. Cardiff, UK: CRG.

Beynon, Malcolm James, Munday, Maxim C. R. and Roberts, Annette 2005. Ranking sectors using fuzzy output multipliers. Economic Systems Research 17 (3) , pp. 237-253. 10.1080/09535310500221716

Munday, Maxim C. R. 2005. Critical review of data for environmental impacts of household activities. London, UK: DEFRA.

Munday, Maxim C. R. 2005. Mid-term evaluation update of Objective 1 & 3 EU structural funding in Wales. [Technical Report]. Welsh Assembly Government.

Bryan, Jane, Jones, Calvin and Munday, Maxim C. R. 2004. An investigation of key growth industry sectors in Wales using multi-sectoral qualitative analysis. Presented at: 44th European Congress of the European Regional Science Association (ERSA 2004), Porto, Portugal, 25-29 August 2004.

Dewhuirst, John, Munday, Maxim C. R. and Roberts, Annette 2004. Changes in manufacturing linkage patterns in Scotland and Wales: Hollowing out and foreign direct investment? Presented at: 44th European Congress of the European Regional Science Association (ERSA 2004), Porto, Portugal, 25-29 August 2004.

Roberts, Annette, Pickernell, David and Munday, Maxim C. R. 2004. Building for the future: housing, financial services and the Welsh economy. Local Economy 19 (3) , pp. 212-225. 10.1080/02690940410001692386

Jones, Calvin and Munday, Maxim C. R. 2004. Evaluating the Economic Benefits from Tourism Spending through Input-Output Frameworks: Issues and Cases. Local Economy 19 (2) , pp. 117-133. 10.1080/0269094042000203063

Roberts, Annette, Dewhurst, J. and Munday, Maxim C. R. 2004. Changes in manufacturing linkage patterns in Scotland and Wales: hollowing out and foreign direct investment. In: Bojar, Ewa ed. The Role of FDI in Competitive Economy, TNOiK "Dom Organizatora", pp. 63-80.

Munday, Maxim C. R., Pickernell, David and Roberts, Annette 2004. Building for the future: housing-related sectors and the Welsh economy. Local Economy 19 (3) , pp. 212-225. 10.1080/02690940410001692386

Munday, Maxim C. R. and Matthews, Kent Gerard Patrick 2004. Accounting for tourism activity in Wales. Regions Magazine 252 (1) , pp. 29-31.

Bryan, Jane, Jones, Calvin, Munday, Maxim C. R. and Roberts, Annette 2004. Regional and national tourism satellite accounts in the UK. Presented at: Regional Science Association International: British and Irish Section, 34th Annual Conference, Cork, Ireland, 18th - 20th August 2004.

Jones, Calvin James, Munday, Maxim C.R., Bryan, Jane, Roberts, Annette, McNicoll, Iain and McLellan, Donald 2004. UK tourism satellite account - first steps project. London: Department for Culture, Media and Sport. Available at: http://old.culture.gov.uk/images/research/tsafirst...

Mariotti, Francesca, Delbridge, Rick and Munday, Maxim C. M. 2004. Networks of learning: How motorsport companies collaborate and share knowledge. [Project Report]. Cardiff: Cardiff University. Available at: http://www.aimresearch.org/uploads/pdf/Academic%20...

Jones, Calvin, Munday, Maxim C. R., Bryan, Jane, Roberts, Annette, McNicoll, Iain and McLellan, Donald 2004. UK tourism satellite accounts: First steps project. [Technical Report]. Department of Culture, Media and Sport.

Munday, Maxim C. R., Bryan, Jane, Jones, Calvin and Roberts, Annette 2004. Input-output tables for Wales 2000. Cardiff University.

Roberts, Annette, Driffield, Nigel and Munday, Maxim C. R. 2004. Inward investment, transactions linkages, and productivity spillovers. Economics of Governance 83 (4) , pp. 699-722.

Munday, Maxim C. R., Bryan, Jane, Jones, Calvin and Roberts, Annette 2004. Welsh input-output tables for 2000. [Technical Report]. Cardiff: Cardiff University.

Munday, Maxim C. R., Peel, Michael John and Taylor, K. 2003. The Performance of the Foreign-Owned Sector of UK Manufacturing: Some Evidence and Implications for UK Inward Investment Policy. Fiscal Studies 24 (4) , pp. 501-521. 10.1111/j.1475-5890.2003.tb00093.x

Jones, Calvin, Munday, Maxim C. R. and Roberts, Annette 2003. Regional tourism satellite accounts: a useful policy tool? Urban Studies 40 (13) , pp. 2777-2794. 10.1080/0042098032000146894

Bristow, Gillian Irene, Roberts, Annette, Martin, Stephen James and Munday, Maxim C. R. 2003. Mid-term review of the Objective 3 operational programme for East Wales. [Project Report]. CRG.

Driffield, Nigel, Munday, Maxim C. R. and Roberts, Annette 2002. Foreign Direct Investment, Transactions Linkages, and the Performance of the Domestic Sector. International Journal of the Economics of Business 9 (3) , pp. 335-351. 10.1080/1357151021000010000

Edwards, Timothy James, Delbridge, Rick and Munday, Maxim C. M. 2002. Learning companies: Innovative potential of Welsh manufacturing SMEs. [Working Paper]. Cardiff: Cardiff Business School.

Bristow, G., Gripaois, P., Keast, S. S. and Munday, Maxim C. R. 2002. Call Centre Growth and the Distribution of Financial Services Activity in the UK. The Service Industries Journal 22 (3) , pp. 117-134. 10.1080/714005091

Pickernell, David, Parsons, Laura, Munday, Maxim C. R., Roberts, Annette and Roche, Neil 2002. Housing, financial services and the Welsh economy. [Working Paper]. London, UK: Council of Mortgage Lenders.

Munday, Maxim C. R. and Roberts, Annette 2002. Project report: Regional environmental input-output analysis for Wales. Welsh Economic Review 14 (2) , pp. 47-48.

Jones, Calvin and Munday, Maxim C. R. 2001. Blaenavon and UN World Heritage Site Status: Is Conservation of Industrial Heritage a Road to Local Economic Development? Regional Studies 35 (6) , pp. 585-590. 10.1080/00343400120065741

Edwards, Timothy James, Delbridge, Rick and Munday, Maxim C. R. 2001. Linking innovative potential to SME performance: an assessment of enterprises in industrial South Wales. Presented at: 41st European Regional Science Association conference, Zagreb, Croatia, 29 August - 1 September 2001.

Munday, Maxim C. R. and Driffield, N. 2001. Foreign Manufacturing, Regional Agglomeration and Technical Efficiency in UK Industries: A Stochastic Production Frontier Approach. Regional Studies 35 (5) , pp. 391-399. 10.1080/00343400124709

Roberts, Annette and Munday, Maxim C. R. 2001. The Role of Forestry Industry Transactions in the Rural Economy. Journal of Rural Studies 17 (3) , pp. 333-346. 10.1016/S0743-0167(01)00010-9

Edwards, Timothy James, Delbridge, Rick and Munday, Maxim C. R. 2001. Learning companies: future challenges for small and medium sized manufacturing enterprises. Presented at: Critical Management Studies Conference, Manchester, UK, 11-13 July 2001.

Munday, Maxim C. R. and Roberts, Annette 2001. Assessing the Regional Transactions of Foreign Manufacturers in Wales: Issues and Determinants. Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie 92 (2) , pp. 202-216. 10.1111/1467-9663.00150

Edwards, Timothy James, Delbridge, Rick and Munday, Maxim C.R. 2001. Innovation in small and medium sized manufacturing enterprises: issues and future directions. Presented at: Managing Knowledge: Conversations and Critiques, Leicester, UK, 10 -11 April 2001.

Jones, Calvin and Munday, Maxim C. R. 2001. Blaenavon and United Nations World Heritage Site Status: Is Conservation of Industrial Heritage a Road to Local Economic Development? Regional Studies 35 (6) , pp. 585-590. 10.1080/00343400120065741

Munday, Maxim C. R., Pickernell, David and Roberts, Annette 2001. Regional Policy Effectiveness and Local Governance Issues: Some Welsh Perspectives. Policy Studies 22 (1) , pp. 51-60. 10.1080/01442870120047721

Jones, Calvin and Munday, Maxim 2001. Tourism and its contribution to regional development: three case studies. Presented at: European Regional Science Association 41st Annual Meeting, Zagreb, Croatia, 29 August - 1 September 2001.